shalom means that, in the New Testament, the Godward dimension of the relationship of shalom is emphasized more than it was in the Old Testament. (iii) Peace in the messianic age is specifically limited to concord in Israel. This is reflected in the New Testament teaching that alongside the expectation of peace the believer can expect bitter enmity outside the Christian community. ‘Do not think that I have come to bring peace on earth; I have not come to bring peace, but a sword’ (Mt. 10:34). ‘I
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